Abstract
The description of the an extremely rare congenital heart disease, described by means of imaging techniques. Isolated left ventricular
apical hypoplasia, is a recently recognized as congenital heart disease, which has a typical magnetic resonance and echocardiographical
signs. The clinical course requires close observation of dynamic, even in asymptomatic patients. Timely diagnosis and therapy aimed at preventing heart failure and tachyarrhythmia, will help in the future to postpone the possible complications and improve
the quality of life of these patients.
References
- Fernandez-Valls M., Srichai M.B., Stillman A.E., White R.D.
Isolated left ventricular apical hypoplasia: a new congenital
anomaly described with cardiac tomography. Heart. 2004: 90:
552-5.
- Marin C., Sanchez M.L., Maroto E., Ossaba S., Ruiz Y.,
Zabala J.I. MR imaging of isolated left ventricular apical
hypoplasia. Pediatr. Radiol. 2007; 37: 703-5.
- Haffajee J.A., Finley J.J., Brooks E.L., Kuvin J.T., Patel A.R.
Echocardiographic characterization of left ventricular apical
hypoplasia accompanied by a patent ductus arteriosus. Eur. J.
Echocardiogr. 2011; 12: E17.
- Chaowu Y., Xin S., Shihua Z., Jianrong L . , Hao W. Complete
transposition of the atrioventricular valves associated with left
ventricular apical hypoplasia. Circulation. 2011; 124: e538-9.
- Moon J.I., Jeong Y.J., Lee G., Choi J.H., Lee J.W. isolated left
ventricular apical hypoplasia with infundibular pulmonary and
aortic stenosis: a rare combination. Korean J. Radiol. 2013;
14 (6): 874-7.
- Melendez G., Muhoz L . , Meave A. Isolated left ventricular apical hypoplasia. Rev. Esp. Cardiol. 2010; 63: 984.
- Freedom R.M., Black M.D., Benson L.N. Hypoplastic left heart
syndrome. In: Allen H.D., Gutgesell H.P., Clark E.B.,
Driscoll D.J. (eds). Moss and Adams' heart disease in infants,
children, and adolescents, including the fetus and young adult.
Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2001: 1011-26.
- Irving C.A., Chaudhari M.P. Fatal presentation of congenital
isolated left ventricular apical hypoplasia. Eur. J. Cardiothorac.
Surg. 2009; 35: 368-9.
- Vanhecke T.E., Decker J., Leonowicz N., Chinnaiyan K.M.
Isolated left ventricular apical hypoplasia. Congenit. Heart Dis.
2011; 6: 646-9.
- Starmer G., Younger J.F., Stewart P. Multimodality imaging
of isolated left ventricular apical hypoplasia. Eur. Heart J.
2012; 33: 675.
- Patrianakos A.P., Protonotarios N., Zacharaki A.,
Tsatsopoulou A., Parthenakis F.I., Vardas P.E. Isolated left
ventricular apical hypoplasia: a newly recognized unclassified
cardiomyopathy. J. Am. Soc. Echocardiogr. 2010; 23 (12):
1336.e1-4.
- Tumabiene K.D., Magpali A.E., Jr, Chiong L . , Jara R.D.,
Abarquez R.F., Jr, Abelardo N.S. A plump and fatty heart: isolated left ventricular apical hypoplasia. Echocardiography.
2012; 29: E193-6.
- Ong C.C., Hia C.P., Lim T.C., Teo L.L. Isolated left-ventricular
apical hypoplasia presenting as a left-ventricular mass on
echocardiography. Pediatr. Cardiol. 2012; 33: 1456-7.
- Motwani M., Witte K.K., Plein S., Greenwood J.P. Isolated left
ventricular apical hypoplasia evaluated by cardiovascular
magnetic resonance and gadolinium enhancement techniques. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 2011; 58: 2355.
- Flett A.S., Elliott P.M., Moon J.C. Images in cardiovascular
medicine. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance of isolated left
ventricular apical hypoplasia. Circulation. 2008; 117: e504-5.
