Abstract
Introduction. Prosthesis of the heart valve in children and adolescents is associated with a number of potential problems that can occur both in the early postoperative period and throughout the entire subsequent life of the patient. The most common complications include thromboembolism, bleeding and the need for a reoperation due to dysfunction of the prosthesis.
Objective. To study the most frequent complications in children and adolescents long-term after surgery, prosthetic mitral valve and to determine the ways of their prevention.
Material and methods. 102 patients after mitral valve prosthetics were examined, of which 46 (45.1%) were male and 56 (54.9%) were female. Age at the time of operation varied from 3 months to 18 years, an average of 7.7±5.1 years. Results. The frequency of bleeding was 6.8%, of thromboembolism 9.8%. Second prosthesis operation was performed on 27 (26.5%) of patients. In 15 (14.7%) patients with prostheses of size 19–23, an increase in the diastolic pressure gradient on the prosthesis was due to a discrepancy in the size of the prosthesis and the body surface area. In 11 children, the cause of dysfunction was the development of pannus, which was confirmed in a second operation. In 1 (1%) patient due to the withdrawal of warfarin, thrombosis of the prosthesis developed.
Conclusion. To prevent and effectively treat complications, constant monitoring of anticoagulant therapy and monitoring of a cardiologist with instrumental examinations are necessary.
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About the authors
Ermolenko Marina Leonidovna, Head of Department, orcid.org/0000-0002-7784-993X
