Abstract
Introduction. Despite the success of cardiac surgery of congenital heart defects (CHD), in children, even with the full clinical effectiveness of the operation, more than 55% of patients are at risk in terms of psychological and social adaptation or have serious disorders in the psychological state, which depend both on the severity of somatic disorders and on the innate features of the child's psychoemotional development. Psychocorrective activities in the early stages after surgery help to improve the results of treatment of the child.
The aim of the study: to study the degree of negative changes in the psychoemotional status and cognitive disorders in children after the correction of CHD at an early stage of medical rehabilitation, to develop a program of psychocorrective classes and to evaluate its effectiveness.
Material and methods. We examined 41 children with CHD who were operated on at the Bakoulev National Medical Research Center for Cardiovascular Surgery in 2019 at the 2nd stage of rehabilitation. The children ranged in age from 6 to 12 years. The time after the operation ranged from 5 to 12 days. All patients and their parents underwent a medical and psychological examination. After the examination, all children are given psychocorrective classes according to the indications.
Results. The patients were divided into 2 groups. The first group included 27 children operated on for pale CHD, the second group included 14 children after correction of cyanotic CHD. In all cases, children were diagnosed with cognitive and emotional disorders in the early postoperative period.
Conclusion. All children examined in the Center after the correction of CHD in the early postoperative period had disorders in either the cognitive or emotional spheres. The most pronounced changes were in the group of children with CHD of the blue type. The inclusion of psychocorrective classes in the rehabilitation program allows you to improve your emotional and cognitive status after surgery.
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About the authors
- Milena S. Engenova, Medical Psychologist, ORCID
- Valentina N. Shvedunova, Dr. Med. Sc., Professor, Head of Department,
ORCID
- Anna Yu. Zavarina, Chief Physician of the Children's Rehabilitation Center, ORCID
- Niyole A. Putyato, Cand. Med. Sc., Head of Department, ORCID
- Eva A. Kul’geyko, Medical Psychologist, ORCID
- Zarina K. Tokaeva, Cardiologist, ORCID
- Angelina V. Kokshina, Cardiologist, ORCID
- Ziba Z. Gafarova, Cardiologist, ORCID
